程序设计类实践课程学生能力评价：多维度构建与反馈调节优化

Student Ability Evaluation in Programming Practice Courses: Multi-Dimensional Construction and Feedback Regulation Optimization

摘要: 本文基于四门高校程序设计类实践课程(C语言程序设计、数据结构与算法、程序综合设计、Python程序设计)进行了学生能力评价方式的创新研究，打破传统的基于程序运行结果和实验报告的评价模式，将学生能力维度分为编程基础能力、算法设计与分析能力、项目实践能力、团队协作与沟通能力和创新与学习能力这五个维度，进行综合能力评价，旨在构建学生能力多维模型，从而促进学生查漏补缺、全面发展。本文将五维能力评价模型应用于2025年电类专业行课学生程序设计类实践课程，针对每位学生生成个性化能力评价雷达图，同时加入反馈调节机制，将五维能力评价结果反馈给学生，通过学生和教师共同努力、扬长补短，从而针对性提升薄弱环节，提高能力评分。最后，将2025年学生能力评分与2024年行课学生进行对比，通过统计显著性检验，发现2025年学生在多个能力维度上表现显著优于2024年学生，表明五维能力评价模型与反馈调节机制有助于提升学生的综合能力表现。

Abstract: This paper conducts an innovative research on the evaluation methods of students’ abilities based on four programming practice courses (C Language Programming, Data Structures and Algorithms, Comprehensive Programming Design, and Python Programming). It breaks away from the traditional evaluation model based on program running results and experimental reports, and divides students’ ability dimensions into five aspects: programming basic ability, algorithm design and analysis ability, project practice ability, and teamwork and collaboration ability. A comprehensive ability evaluation is carried out, aiming to construct a multi-dimensional model of students’ abilities, thereby promoting students to identify their weaknesses and achieve all-round development. This paper applies the five-dimensional ability evaluation model to the 2025 academic year’s electrical engineering major programming practice courses, generating personalized ability evaluation radar charts for each student. At the same time, a feedback adjustment mechanism is incorporated to feed back the five-dimensional ability evaluation results to students. Through the joint efforts of students and teachers, their strengths can be leveraged and weaknesses improved, thereby enhancing their weak links and increasing their ability scores. Finally, statistical significance tests were performed on the ability scores of students from the 2025 and 2024 academic years, revealing significant improvements in multiple ability dimensions for the 2025 cohort, indicating that the five-dimensional ability evaluation model and feedback adjustment mechanism contribute to enhancing students’ comprehensive abilities.