顺应论视角下汉语寒暄语英译策略研究——以《平凡的世界》为例

A Study on English Translation Strategies of Chinese Phatic Communion from the Perspective of Adaptation Theory—Taking The Ordinary World as an Example

摘要: 寒暄语作为日常交际的基石，其核心功能在于建立并维系社会关系，而非传递命题信息。这一特性使其翻译质量直接决定了跨文化交际的效度。当前研究多局限于对寒暄语本身的静态描述，缺乏从语用学视角出发，对其跨文化转换机制的系统性探讨。本文以路遥小说《平凡的世界》寒暄语英译本为研究对象，以顺应论为理论基石，深入剖析汉语寒暄语的英译实践。研究发现，语境顺应策略旨在调和社交规范与心理认知、结构顺应策略聚焦语言形式的适应性重构，动态顺应策略强调译者的元语用意识与策略的灵活调用，为汉语文化负载词的跨文化传播提供理论参照与实践路径。

Abstract: As the cornerstone of daily communication, Chinese Phatic Communion primarily functions to establish and maintain social relations rather than convey propositional information. This characteristic means their translation quality directly determines the effectiveness of cross-cultural communication. Current research is mostly confined to static descriptions of Chinese Phatic Communion itself, lacking a systematic exploration of their cross-cultural conversion mechanisms from a pragmatic perspective. Taking the English translations of Chinese Phatic Communion in Lu Yao’s novel The Ordinary World as the research object and Adaptation Theory as the theoretical foundation, this paper conducts an in-depth analysis of the English translation practice of Chinese Phatic Communion. The study finds that the contextual adaptation strategy aims to reconcile social norms and psychological cognition, the structural adaptation strategy focuses on the adaptive reconstruction of linguistic forms, and the dynamic adaptation strategy emphasizes translators’ metapragmatic awareness and flexible application of strategies. These findings provide theoretical reference and practical paths for the cross-cultural communication of Chinese culture-loaded words.