上皮–间质转化在慢性阻塞性肺疾病中的作用机制研究进展
Research Progress on the Mechanism of Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
摘要: 慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)是一种以持续性气流受限和慢性气道炎症为特征的异质性呼吸系统疾病，其进行性加重的重要病理基础是气道不可逆重塑。上皮–间质转化(EMT)被认为是参与COPD发生与进展的重要病理环节之一，指上皮细胞失去原有极性和黏附特征并获得迁移性、侵袭性间质表型的过程，该过程在胚胎发育和组织修复中具有生理意义，但异常激活可促进多种慢性疾病的病理演变。尽管连接EMT与COPD的确切调控机制尚未完全阐明，越来越多证据提示，气道组织中EMT相关调控网络的失衡可驱动气道重塑并加速不可逆损伤的形成。本综述重点总结EMT在COPD发生发展中的重要作用，并进一步梳理相关信号通路及调控网络，以期为靶向EMT的干预策略提供依据。
Abstract: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a heterogeneous respiratory disorder characterized by persistent airflow limitation and chronic airway inflammation, with irreversible airway remodeling serving as a key pathological basis for its progressive worsening. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is regarded as one of the important pathological processes involved in the onset and progression of COPD. EMT refers to a process in which epithelial cells lose their original polarity and adhesive properties and acquire a migratory, invasive mesenchymal phenotype. This process has physiological significance in embryonic development and tissue repair, but its aberrant activation can drive the pathological evolution of multiple chronic diseases. Although the precise regulatory mechanisms linking EMT to COPD have not been fully elucidated, accumulating evidence suggests that dysregulation of EMT-related regulatory networks in airway tissues can promote airway remodeling and accelerate the development of irreversible damage. This review focuses on the important role of EMT in the pathogenesis and progression of COPD and further summarizes the associated signaling pathways and regulatory networks, with the aim of providing a rationale for EMT-targeted therapeutic strategies.
文章引用：付鸿祥, 赵志伟. 上皮–间质转化在慢性阻塞性肺疾病中的作用机制研究进展[J]. 临床医学进展, 2026, 16(1): 1561-1573. https://doi.org/10.12677/acm.2026.161199

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