《德意志意识形态》中马克思市民社会概念研究

A Study of Marx’s Concept of Civil Society in “The German Ideology”

摘要: “市民社会”是早期马克思理论中的核心概念之一，是马克思进入政治经济学研究、把握现实物质利益问题的重要入口，也是理解其历史理论的关键环节。《德意志意识形态》在马克思主义市民社会理论起承上启下的作用，是第一次系统阐述市民社会概念的著作。本研究通过梳理马克思市民社会概念的奠基与发展历程，理解《德意志意识形态》中的市民社会概念的两重含义以及其根本上都离不开交往、生产、私有和商品经济等因素，从而探究马克思的市民社会概念的真正理论内涵，界定市民社会概念在马克思主义唯物史观创立过程中的特殊地位。

Abstract: “Civil society” is one of the core concepts in early Marxist theory, an important entrance for Marx to enter the study of political economy and grasp practical material interests, and a key link in understanding his historical theory. “The German Ideology” plays a pivotal role in the Marxist theory of civil society and is the first systematic exposition of the concept of civil society. This study explores the true theoretical connotation of Marx’s concept of civil society and defines its special position in the establishment of Marxist materialist conception of history by examining the foundation and development process of Marx’s concept of civil society, understanding the dual meanings of the concept of civil society in “German Ideology” and its fundamental dependence on factors such as communication, production, private ownership, and commodity economy.