颅骨修补术后皮下积液的危险因素和预防

Risk Factors and Prevention of Subcutaneous Fluid Collection after Cranioplasty

摘要: 本研究旨在通过开展回顾性队列研究，识别可预测颅骨成形术后并发症的因素。采用Logistic回归分析进行识别，明确颅骨成形术相关并发症的危险因素。在纳入的77例患者中，统计皮下引流管拔除后1周内是否出现皮下积液。结果显示颅骨缺损原因为自发性疾病、修补时间间隔、PEEK材料占比、术前骨窗凹陷、术中硬膜破损均术后更易产生皮下积液。单因素Logistic回归分析显示原发病、骨窗凹陷、修补材料、术中硬膜破损是产生皮下积液的相关危险因素。多因素Logistic回归分析显示PEEK材料，术中硬膜破损为术后发生皮下积液的独立危险因素。对于术前骨窗塌陷程度，术中硬膜破损及修复方式对皮下积液的影响需进一步的前瞻性研究。

Abstract: This study aims to identify factors that predict complications after cranioplasty through a retrospective cohort study. Logistic regression analysis was employed to identify and clarify the risk factors for cranioplasty-related complications. Among the 77 patients included, it was recorded whether subcutaneous fluid collection occurred within one week after the removal of the subcutaneous drainage tube. The results showed that spontaneous disease, interval time, proportion of PEEK material, preoperative bone window depression, and intraoperative dural tear were all more likely to cause subcutaneous fluid collection postoperatively. Univariate logistic regression analysis revealed that primary disease, bone window depression, repair material, and intraoperative dural tear were associated risk factors for subcutaneous fluid collection. Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that PEEK material and intraoperative dural tear were independent risk factors for postoperative subcutaneous fluid collection. Further RCT research is needed to investigate the impact of preoperative bone window collapse, intraoperative dural tear, and repair methods on subcutaneous fluid collection.