基于空间句法的历史街区空间形态分析及文化旅游路径优化与提升策略研究——以扬州湾子街为例

Research on the Analysis of Spatial Morphology of Historic Districts Based on Space Syntax and Optimization and Enhancement Strategies for Cultural Tourism Routes—A Case Study of Yangzhou Wanzi Street

摘要: 本文以扬州湾子街历史街区为例，运用空间句法理论与实地调研相结合的方法，系统分析其“鱼骨状”街巷空间形态的结构特征及其对人群活动的引导机制。研究发现，街区空间存在明显的结构不均衡现象：主街中段全局整合度较高，边缘区域可达性较弱；局部整合度显示西区活力优于东区；同时，可理解度(R² = 0.239)与协同度(R² = 0.382)均低于阈值(0.5，小于呈现负相关，反之正相关)，反映出空间系统复杂、局部与整体关联薄弱，导致游客认知困难与空间使用效率不高。针对这些问题，本文提出以“实景剧本杀”作为叙事主线，设计“一主三辅”任务动线，引导游客由主街向支巷延伸，激活边缘区域；通过“重点修复 + 微更新”的街巷更新策略，在保护传统风貌的基础上融入AR智慧导览，增强空间可读性与体验感；并结合微业态的有机植入，构建“主街聚人气、支巷留韵味”的活力格局，推动文旅发展与社区生活融合。本研究不仅为湾子街的更新提供具体路径，也为同类历史街区的空间诊断与活化实践提供了全新方法参照。

Abstract: Taking the Yangzhou Wanzi Street historical district as an example, this paper employs a combination of space syntax theory and field research to systematically analyze the structural characteristics of its “fishbone-shaped” street space and its guiding mechanisms for crowd movement. The study finds that the street space exhibits a significant structural imbalance: the central section of the main street has a high level of global integration, while accessibility in the peripheral areas is weak; local integration indicates that the western area is more active than the eastern area; meanwhile, both intelligibility (R² = 0.239) and synergy (R² = 0.382) are below the threshold (0.5, shows a negative correlation if less, otherwise a positive correlation), reflecting a complex spatial system with weak local-to-global connections, leading to visitors’ difficulty in cognition and inefficiency in space use. To address these issues, this paper proposes using “live-action role-playing murder mysteries” as a narrative thread and designs a “one main, three auxiliary” task path to guide visitors from the main street to side alleys, activating peripheral areas; through a “targeted restoration and minor updates” strategy for street renovation, AR smart guides are integrated while preserving traditional features to enhance spatial legibility and experience; and by incorporating small-scale commercial forms organically, a vibrant pattern of “main street attracting crowds, side alleys retaining charm” is created, promoting the integration of cultural tourism development and community life. This study not only provides specific pathways for the revitalization of Wanzi Street but also offers a new methodological reference for spatial diagnosis and activation practices in similar historical districts.