高强高导铝合金材料应用与研究现状
The Application and Research Landscape of High-Strength, High-Conductivity Aluminum Alloys
摘要: 高强高导铝合金在电力电子、轨道交通、航空航天等领域具有广泛且迫切的应用需求。然而，材料的强度与导电性通常呈倒置关系，为破解这一矛盾，当前研究主要围绕“成分设计–微观组织调控–制备工艺创新”三个协同层面展开。本文系统分析了铝合金材料强度与导电性的协同机理，以及通过合金成分优化设计、制备与加工工艺优化提高铝合金强度与导电率的技术途径，在此基础上，讨论了当前主要高强高导铝合金体系，并围绕高强高导铝合金材料与制备工艺开发面临的挑战与重点方向进行了论述。
Abstract: High-strength, high-conductivity aluminum alloys are in pressing demand for critical applications in power electronics, rail transit, and aerospace. However, a fundamental trade-off exists between strength and electrical conductivity. To break this performance paradox, state-of-the-art research is strategically centered on a tripartite framework: composition design, microstructure engineering, and advanced processing. This review provides a systematic analysis of the underlying synergy—and conflict—between strength and conductivity in Al alloys. It then elaborates on the technical pathways for enhancing both properties via optimized alloying and innovative thermo-mechanical processing. Furthermore, the prevailing alloy systems are critically discussed. The review concludes by outlining the persisting challenges and future priorities in material design and manufacturing technology for next-generation high-strength, high-conductivity aluminum alloys.
文章引用：周丰铝. 高强高导铝合金材料应用与研究现状[J]. 材料科学, 2026, 16(1): 81-89. https://doi.org/10.12677/ms.2026.161009

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