杯状细胞糖基化与微生物群的多样性在肠道疾病中的作用
The Influence of Goblet Cell Glycosylation and Microbiota Diversity in Intestinal Diseases
摘要: 哺乳动物肠道内定植着数十亿微生物，其群落紊乱与多种肠道疾病密切相关。肠道黏液在保护肠道方面发挥着重要作用，且绝大多数肠道微生物定植于黏液层中。为从机制层面理解微生物如何影响肠道，我们需要深入了解黏液的形成过程、主要肠道微生物的功能以及微生物与黏液间的相互作用。本综述介绍了当前关于黏液形成的两个关键因素——杯状细胞与糖基化的研究进展，并分析了针对主要肠道微生物群的最新研究成果。我们重点探讨了不同年龄、不同肠道区域中微生物与黏液的变化特征，并进一步讨论了如何设计未来研究以找到精确调控微生物群落的方法。
Abstract: There are billions of microorganisms colonized in the intestines of mammals, and their community disorder is closely related to many intestinal diseases. Intestinal mucus plays an important role in protecting the intestine, and most intestinal microorganisms are colonized in the mucus layer. In order to understand how microorganisms affect the intestine from the mechanism level, we need to deeply understand the formation process of mucus, the functions of main intestinal microorganisms and the interaction between microorganisms and mucus. This review introduces the current research progress on goblet cells and glycosylation, two key factors of mucus formation, and analyzes the latest research results on the main intestinal microbiota. We focus on the changing characteristics of microorganisms and mucus in different ages and different intestinal areas, and further discuss how to design future research to find ways to accurately regulate microbial communities.
文章引用：阳芃, 龚建平. 杯状细胞糖基化与微生物群的多样性在肠道疾病中的作用[J]. 临床医学进展, 2026, 16(1): 1837-1848. https://doi.org/10.12677/acm.2026.161233

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