纳米农药和农用增效剂对三华李蚜虫和炭疽病的防治效果

Synergistic Effects of Water-Based Nano-Pesticides and Agricultural Synergists against Aphids and Anthracnose of Sanhua Plums

摘要: 本试验以三华李蚜虫和炭疽病为防治对象，研究水基化纳米农药噻虫啉和苯甲嘧菌酯结合农用增效剂处理的防治效果。试验结果表明：施药后第10 d，3个药剂处理的蚜虫平均虫口减退率分别为82.0%~96.4%，显著高于对照的23.8%，平均防效77.7%~93.8%。施药后第21 d，三华李炭疽病防治效果明显，3个药剂处理的平均病果率为3.81%~7.45%，显著低于对照的23.33%，平均病情指数为2.69%~5.35%，显著低于对照的25.00%。添加农用增效剂处理可以提高药效，也能够取得良好的防治效果，添加农用增效剂减少30%的农药用量均可以保持对蚜虫和炭疽病防治效果。

Abstract: To investigate effective and reduced-risk strategies for managing aphids and anthracnose in Sanhua plums, this study assessed the performance of water-based nano-pesticides (thiacloprid and difenoconazole·azoxystrobin) in combination with agricultural synergists. Field trials revealed that on day 10 post-application, the treatments achieved aphid control efficacies of 77.7% to 93.8%, corresponding to population reductions of 82.0% to 96.4%, which were significantly superior to the control. By day 21, the treatments also showed significant suppressive effects on anthracnose, with the diseased fruit rate and disease index ranging from 3.81% to 7.45% and 2.69% to 5.35%, respectively, both markedly lower than those of the untreated control (23.33% and 25.00%). A key finding was that the inclusion of agricultural synergists not only enhanced the overall pesticide efficacy but also enabled a 30% reduction in pesticide dosage without compromising control levels against either pest. These results suggest that the combination of nano-pesticides and synergists is a promising strategy for sustainable pest management in plum orchards.