外骨骼辅助联合肌肉激活技术在康复训练中的融合机制研究

Research on the Fusion Mechanism of Exoskeleton Assistance Combined with Muscle Activation Technology in Rehabilitation Training

摘要: 随着全球人口老龄化进程的加速以及慢性疾病发病率的持续攀升，以废用性肌萎缩为代表的运动功能退化已成为影响人类健康寿命与生活质量的核心挑战之一。传统人工康复训练模式受限于治疗师体力、经验差异及训练过程难以量化等因素，在训练精准性、一致性和可持续性方面面临瓶颈。以机器人技术为核心的现代康复工程，特别是外骨骼辅助设备与肌肉激活技术的兴起，为突破上述瓶颈提供了崭新路径。本文系统梳理了相关理论基础、技术实现路径、临床应用现状与挑战，并结合我国“制造强国”与“健康中国”战略背景，分析该融合技术的发展前景。研究认为，深入探究并优化这一融合机制，对于攻克肌萎缩康复中“机理不明、协调性训练难、人机耦合性差”等关键难题，推动智慧康养体系建设，具有重要的理论价值与现实意义。

Abstract: With the acceleration of global population aging and the continuous rise in the incidence of chronic diseases, motor function decline represented by disuse muscle atrophy has become one of the core challenges affecting human health expectancy and quality of life. Traditional manual rehabilitation training models are constrained by factors such as the physical strength and experience differences of therapists and the difficulty in quantifying the training process, facing bottlenecks in terms of training accuracy, consistency, and sustainability. Modern rehabilitation engineering centered on robotic technology, especially the rise of exoskeleton-assisted devices and muscle activation technologies, offers a new path to break through these bottlenecks. This paper systematically reviews the theoretical basis, technical implementation paths, current clinical application status and challenges of this technology, and, in light of China’s “Manufacturing Powerhouse” and “Healthy China” strategic background, analyzes the development prospects of this integrated technology. The research suggests that in-depth exploration and optimization of this integrated mechanism are of significant theoretical and practical value for addressing key challenges in muscle atrophy rehabilitation, such as “unclear mechanisms, difficulty in coordination training, and poor human-machine coupling”, and for promoting the construction of a smart health and elderly care system.