PPP模式中构建预防性行政公益诉讼制度之证成

On the Justification of Constructing a Preventive Administrative Public Interest Litigation System in the PPP Model

摘要: 聪明者事前预防，侥幸者事后补偿。在风险社会，任何机关和个人都无法预测和消解所有潜在风险，这要求必须将思维意识的核心转向未来、侧重预防。为缓解社会赤字压力，PPP模式在促进国家基础设施建设、优化社会资源配置等方面发挥着日益重要的作用。现阶段我国对PPP模式中国家利益和社会公共利益的保护主要依靠PPP模式内部规制，如依赖社会资本方的遵纪守法和道德自律以及行政机关的内部监督，但由于社会资本方以经济利益为最高追求、行政机关存在不作为或违法行政的可能以及缺乏救济程序不完善等因素，PPP模式中国家利益和社会公共利益的保护现状并不乐观。本文立足于PPP模式中国家利益和社会公共利益保护的实践困境，从理论要求和实践需要两个角度进行论证，以风险预防原则、公共利益原则、法治原则为理论基础，回应目标层面、意义层面、制度层面、国际层面在PPP模式中构建预防性行政公益诉讼制度的实践需要，以此表明预防性行政公益诉讼制度在保护PPP模式中国家利益和社会公共利益、促进PPP模式良性运行方面的必要作用。

Abstract: A wise man prevents in advance, a lucky man compensates after. In a risk society, no institution or individual can predict and eliminate all potential risks, which requires us to shift the core of our thinking consciousness to the future and focus on prevention. PPP model is playing an increasingly important role in promoting national infrastructure construction and optimizing the allocation of social resources. For PPP model in our country at present stage national interests and public interests in the field of protection rely mainly on internal regulation, the PPP model should depend on social capital and moral self-discipline, and the administrative organ to adhere to the internal supervision, but because of the social capital for economic interests as the highest pursuit, the administrative organ is not as, or the possibility of illegal administrative factors such as incomplete and lack of relief procedures, The current situation of protecting national interests and social public interests in PPP model is not optimistic. Based on PPP model national interests and social public interests protection in the field of practice, from the angles of theory and practice need to carry on the argument, to risk prevention principle, public interests, the theoretical basis of the basic principles of the rule of law, respond to the target level, significance level, system level and international level in the PPP model need to build a preventive administrative public interest litigation system in the field of practice, This shows that the preventive administrative public interest litigation system plays an essential role in protecting the national interests and social public interests in the PPP model and promoting the benign operation of PPP model.