稀缺感损耗自控力进而增加不道德行为：道德认同的调节模式探索

Scarcity Undermines Self-Control and Increases Unethical Behavior: Exploring the Moderating Pattern of Moral Identity

摘要: 本研究旨在探讨稀缺感对不道德行为的影响机制。基于自我损耗理论，研究提出了一个包含调节路径的中介模型，即稀缺感通过损耗个体的特质自控力，进而增加其不道德行为倾向，并检验道德认同在“稀缺感→自控力”路径中的潜在调节作用。通过一项涉及170名参与者的实验，采用写作任务启动稀缺感。结果显示：1) 稀缺感显著增加了不道德行为意向；2) 特质自控力在其中起部分中介作用；3) 探索性分析发现，稀缺感对自控力的损耗效应仅在高道德认同的个体中显著，而在低道德认同的个体中不显著，但该调节效应的整体交互作用未达到传统统计显著水平(p = 0.106)。研究结论认为，稀缺感对道德的影响是复杂的，本研究未能证实但提示了高道德认同个体在资源压力下的一种潜在脆弱性，这为未来研究指明了需进一步检验的方向。

Abstract: This study aimed to investigate the mechanism through which a sense of scarcity influences unethical behavior. Grounded in ego depletion theory, a moderated mediation model was proposed and tested, positing that scarcity increases unethical behavioral intention by depleting individuals’ trait self-control, with moral identity potentially moderating the “scarcity → self-control” path. An experiment was conducted with 170 participants, in which scarcity was primed via a writing task. The results showed that: 1) Scarcity significantly increased unethical behavioral intention; 2) Trait self-control played a partial mediating role in this relationship; 3) Exploratory analysis revealed that the depleting effect of scarcity on self-control was significant only among individuals with high moral identity, but not among those with low moral identity, although the overall interaction effect for this moderation did not reach conventional statistical significance (p = 0.106). The study concludes that the impact of scarcity on morality is complex. While the moderating role of moral identity was not confirmed, the findings suggest a potential vulnerability of high moral identifiers under resource pressure, thereby pointing to a specific direction for future research to verify.