数字经济发展是否能助力实现乡村振兴？——来自中国城市的经验证据

Can the Development of Digital Economy Help Achieve Rural Revitalization?—Empirical Evidence from Chinese Cities

摘要: 随着信息技术的快速发展，数字经济已成为全球经济发展的新引擎，在促进乡村振兴方面也发挥着重要作用。本文旨在探讨数字经济促进乡村振兴的作用效应及其影响机制。理论上，数字经济的发展可以提高农业生产效率、优化乡村治理结构、拓宽农产品销售渠道等，进而助力实现乡村振兴。实证上，本文基于2011~2020年中国277城市数据采用主成份分析法测算了各地区乡村振兴发展水平，并在此基础上实证检验了数字经济发展对我国乡村振兴发展的影响及其影响机制。实证结果表明：数字经济的发展显著地促进了我国乡村振兴发展水平的提高，一系列内生性和稳健性检验后结果依然成立。异质性分析显示，数字经济对乡村振兴的影响在长江经济带地区和非长江经济带地区、金融发达地区和金融欠发达地区存在差异，即数字经济对长江经济带地区和金融发展程度高的地区产生的正向促进效应更大。作用机制的分析显示，数字经济主要通过收入效应、技术溢出效应和创业效应三个机制助力实现乡村振兴。本文研究对理解数字乡村战略背景下乡村振兴发展动因以及数字经济赋能乡村振兴以及农业农村高质量发展提供了重要理论基础与经验证据。

Abstract: With the rapid development of information technology, digital economy has become a new engine of global economic development, and also plays an important role in promoting rural revitalization. This paper aims to explore the effect and mechanism of digital economy in promoting rural revitalization. In theory, the development of the digital economy can improve agricultural production efficiency, optimize rural governance structure, expand agricultural product sales channels, and help realize rural revitalization. Empirically, we measure the data of 277 cities in China from 2011 to 2020 as research samples, and on this basis empirically test the impact of digital economy on China’s rural revitalization and development and its impact mechanism. The results show that the development of digital economy significantly promotes the development of rural revitalization, and the results of a series of endogeneity and robustness tests are still valid. Heterogeneity analysis shows that the impact of digital economy on the high-quality development of rural revitalization is different in the Yangtze River Economic Belt region and non-Yangtze River Economic Belt region, financially developed region and financially underdeveloped region, that is, the digital economy has a greater positive promoting effect on the Yangtze River Economic Belt region and non-Yangtze River Economic Belt region. The analysis of the mechanism of action shows that the digital economy mainly helps realize rural revitalization through three mechanisms: income effect, technology spillover effect and entrepreneurial effect. This study provides theoretical basis and empirical evidence for understanding the drivers of high-quality agricultural development in the background of rural revitalization and the effects, mechanisms and regional differences of digital economy enabling high-quality agricultural development.