FLRT3、OR2W3、NUP62CL、PYGB联合检测对NSCLC免疫逃逸及远处转移的预测效能研究

Study on the Predictive Efficacy of Combined Detection of FLRT3, OR2W3, NUP62CL and PYGB for Immune Escape and Distant Metastasis in NSCLC

摘要: 目的：探究FLRT3、OR2W3、NUP62CL、PYGB联合检测对NSCLC免疫逃逸及远处转移的预测效能。方法：以TCGA数据库为支撑，结合多因素COX回归与LASSO回归技术，构建风险评分(risk-score)预测模型。选择齐齐哈尔医学院第二附属医院112例NSCLC患者为研究对象(56例为转移组，56例为未转移组)，采用免疫组化法检测4个关键靶标(FLRT3、OR2W3、NUP62CL、PYGB)及TAMs标志物(CD68+、CD163+)的表达水平。结果：TCGA数据库分析显示，FLRT3、OR2W3、NUP62CL高表达及PYGB低表达与NSCLC患者预后密切相关(P < 0.05)；NSCLC组织中FLRT3、OR2W3、NUP62CL表达显著升高(P < 0.05)，PYGB表达显著降低(P < 0.05)，且4个靶标与肿瘤微环境中TAMs标志物(CD68+、CD163+)呈相关性(r = 0.32~0.48，P < 0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示：FLRT3、OR2W3、NUP62CL、PYGB是非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)发生免疫逃逸及远处转移的重要预测因子。结论：联合检测FLRT3、OR2W3、NUP62CL、PYGB可更好地反映NSCLC组织中肿瘤相关巨噬细胞(TAMs)的浸润情况，可能通过该关联间接评估肿瘤远处转移风险，其与转移的关联或与TAMs在免疫微环境中的调控作用相关。

Abstract: Objective: To explore the predictive efficacy of the combined detection of FLRT3, OR2W3, NUP62CL, and PYGB for immune escape and distant metastasis in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods: Supported by the TCGA database, a risk-score prediction model was constructed using multivariate COX regression and LASSO regression techniques. A total of 112 NSCLC patients from the Second Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University were selected as the research subjects, including 56 cases in the metastasis group and 56 cases in the non-metastasis group. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression levels of 4 key targets (FLRT3, OR2W3, NUP62CL, PYGB) and TAMs markers (CD68+, CD163+). Results: Analysis of the TCGA database showed that high expression of FLRT3, OR2W3, NUP62CL and low expression of PYGB were closely related to the prognosis of NSCLC patients (P < 0.05); the expressions of FLRT3, OR2W3, and NUP62CL in NSCLC tissues were significantly increased (P < 0.05), while the expression of PYGB was significantly decreased (P < 0.05). Moreover, the 4 targets were correlated with TAMs markers (CD68+, CD163+) in the tumor microenvironment (r = 0.32 - 0.48, P < 0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that FLRT3, OR2W3, NUP62CL, and PYGB were important predictors of immune escape and distant metastasis in NSCLC. Conclusion: The combined detection of FLRT3, OR2W3, NUP62CL, and PYGB can better reflect the infiltration of TAMs in NSCLC tissues and accurately assess the risk of tumor immune escape and distant metastasis.