“五维一体”教学模式下研究生工程能力培养路径探索与实践

Exploration and Practice of Postgraduate Engineering Capability Cultivation Path under the “Five-Dimensional Integrated” Teaching Model

摘要: 在新工科背景下，研究生教育正经历由以学术研究为主导向突出工程能力与实践创新培养的深刻转型。针对当前研究生培养中工程实践弱化、能力培养不足等问题，本文以研究生工程能力提升为目标，构建以“思政引领–理论夯实–实践驱动–赛教互促–工程导向”为核心的“五维一体”教学模式。在此基础上，系统设计研究生工程能力培养路径，并在工程类研究生培养过程中开展实践探索。实践结果表明，该模式有助于增强研究生对复杂工程问题的系统认知，提升其工程实践与综合应用能力，推动工程能力培养由分散走向系统，为工程类研究生培养模式改革提供可借鉴的路径。

Abstract: Under the background of new engineering disciplines, graduate education is undergoing a profound transformation, shifting from being primarily research-oriented to emphasizing the cultivation of engineering capabilities and practical innovation. In response to existing problems such as the weakening of engineering practice and the fragmentation of capability development in current postgraduate training, this study aims at the holistic improvement of postgraduate engineering competence and constructs a “five-dimensional integrated” teaching model characterized by ideological-political guidance, solid theoretical foundations, practice-driven learning, competition-teaching integration, and engineering orientation. On this basis, a systematic pathway for cultivating postgraduate engineering capability is designed and implemented in the training process of engineering postgraduates. Practical results demonstrate that the proposed model helps enhance postgraduates’ systematic understanding of complex engineering problems, improve their engineering practice and comprehensive application abilities, and promote the transformation of engineering capability cultivation from a fragmented approach to a systematic one, thereby providing a referable pathway for the reform of engineering postgraduate education.