身体锻炼量对大学生睡眠问题的影响：心理素质的中介效应

The Influence of Physical Exercise Volume on College Students’ Sleep Problems: The Mediating Effect of Psychological Suzhi

摘要: 研究旨在探究身体锻炼量对大学生睡眠问题的影响及心理素质的中介作用。采用分层随机抽样法，对全国东中西部各一所高校的2483名大学生，通过体育活动等级量表、简化版大学生心理素质问卷及睡眠问题问卷进行调查，运用SPSS 22.0分析数据。结果显示：中、高锻炼量组大学生心理素质得分显著高于低锻炼量组，睡眠问题得分显著低于低锻炼量组，且中、高锻炼量组间无显著差异；心理素质在身体锻炼量与睡眠问题间的整体中介效应显著，以低锻炼量为参照，中、高锻炼量的相对中介效应分别为24.1%和24.4%，相对直接效应亦显著。结论表明，身体锻炼量对大学生睡眠问题存在显著影响，心理素质起部分中介作用，中等及以上锻炼量可通过提升心理素质及直接作用减少睡眠问题。

Abstract: This study aims to explore the impact of physical exercise volume on college students’ sleep problems and the mediating role of psychological Suzhi. A stratified random sampling was conducted among 2483 college students from three universities in eastern, central, and western China. The Physical Activity Rating Scale, Simplified Version of College Students’ Psychological Suzhi Questionnaire, and Sleep Problems Questionnaire were used for data collection, with SPSS 22.0 for analysis. Results showed that: college students in moderate and high exercise volume groups scored significantly higher in psychological Suzhi and lower in sleep problems than those in the low exercise volume group, with no significant differences between moderate and high groups. The overall mediating effect of psychological Suzhi between physical exercise volume and sleep problems was significant. With low exercise volume as the reference, the relative mediating effects of moderate and high exercise volume were 24.1% and 24.4% respectively, and the relative direct effects were also significant. Conclusions indicate that physical exercise volume significantly affects college students’ sleep problems, with psychological Suzhi playing a partial mediating role. Moderate or higher exercise volume can reduce sleep problems both directly and by improving psychological Suzhi.