耕地爬坡现象的生成逻辑、驱动机制及生态调控路径研究

Research on Logic of Formation, Driving Mechanisms, and Ecological Regulation Pathways of Cropland Uphill Expansion

摘要: 为系统揭示耕地爬坡现象的生成逻辑与多元驱动机制，阐明其生态与生产危害，并构建协同调控路径，以促进耕地保护与生态安全的协调发展。本文基于人地关系协调与可持续发展理论，尝试构建“人类活动–自然约束”互动的综合分析框架，结合多尺度数据分析与理论阐释，从自然、政策、经济等维度剖析耕地爬坡的驱动机制，并整合形成系统性调控对策。研究发现，耕地爬坡主要由建设用地扩张挤压优质耕地、政策执行中“重数量轻生态”的偏差、个体生计压力、人口资源矛盾及技术发展失衡共同驱动。该现象导致生态系统服务功能退化、耕地质量与稳定性下降、地质灾害风险上升，并加剧人地关系失衡。为遏制耕地爬坡需构建“政策优化–空间重构–技术赋能–生计转型”四位一体的协同调控体系，推动耕地保护从数量平衡向质量与生态并重转型，实现农业生产、生态安全与人地关系的可持续协调。

Abstract: This study analyzes the formation logic and multiple driving mechanisms of cropland uphill expansion, clarifies its ecological and production hazards, and proposes coordinated regulatory pathways for synergistic cropland protection and ecological security. Based on human-land relationship and sustainable development theories, it establishes an analytical framework focusing on the interaction between human activities and natural constraints, integrates multi-scale data to examine driving factors across natural, policy, economic, social, and technological dimensions, formulating systematic countermeasures. Results show the expansion is mainly driven by construction land encroachment, policy bias toward quantity, farmers’ livelihood pressures, population-resource conflicts, and uneven technological development. This leads to ecosystem degradation, reduced cropland quality and stability, higher geological risks, and worsened human-land imbalances. Curbing the trend requires a coordinated system of “policy optimization, spatial restructuring, technological empowerment, and livelihood transformation”, shifting focus from quantity to quality and ecological synergy for sustainable agricultural and human-land coordination.