老年人数字接纳、代际支持与养老保障水平——基于中国健康与养老追踪调查的实证研究

Digital Adoption among Older Adults, Intergenerational Support, and Old-Age Security Levels—An Empirical Study Based on the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study

摘要: 被卷入现代数字化浪潮中的老年人养老问题是当前研究界关注的焦点问题之一。基于中国健康与养老追踪调查(CHARLS)数据，对老年人数字接纳、代际支持与养老保障水平之间的关系进行实证检验。研究发现，老年人的数字接纳能力显著提升其物质和精神养老保障水平，工具接纳和功能接纳对物质和精神养老保障均具有显著正向影响。同时，代际支持作为中介变量不仅直接影响老年人的养老保障水平，还通过增强数字接纳能力间接提高了老年人的生活质量和心理幸福感。此外，控制变量诸如受教育水平、性别对养老保障水平均具有显著正向影响。研究对于保障老年人基本权利、提高老年人社会保障水平乃至实现社会治理现代化具有积极的理论意义和实践意义。

Abstract: The problem of old-age care for the elderly who are involved in the modern digital wave is one of the focus issues in the current research community. Based on the data of China Health and Pension Tracking Survey (CHARLS), OLS and entropy methods were used to empirically test the relationship between digital contact, intergenerational support and pension security level of the elderly. The study found that the digital connection ability of the elderly significantly improved their material and spiritual pension security level, and the tool connection and content connection had a significant positive impact on the material and spiritual pension security. At the same time, intergenerational support, as an intermediary variable, not only directly affects the level of old-age security of the elderly, but also indirectly improves the quality of life and psychological well-being of the elderly through enhancing their digital communication ability. In addition, control variables such as education level and gender have a significant positive impact on the level of pension security. Based on this, the paper puts forward the establishment of digital literacy promotion mechanism for the elderly to absorb the power of social organizations; attaches importance to the cultivation of family roles and improving children’s awareness and ability of digital support; Suggestions on building an age-friendly digital environment, strengthening age-appropriate transformation and application scenario development and construction. The research has positive theoretical and practical significance for guaranteeing the basic rights of the elderly, improving the social security level of the elderly and even realizing the modernization of social governance.