蒙古语疑问语气词的演变发展

The Evolution and Development of Interrogative Particles in the Mongolian Language

摘要: 语气词是指本身没有词汇意义和词法变化，用来表示句子的语气或为句子成分增添情态意义的一类虚词。疑问语气词是语气词的重要组成部分。古代蒙古语疑问语气词在现代蒙古语中得到了传承和运用。但在发展演变过程中出现了不同的运用情况。本文通过分析古代蒙古语疑问语气词“uu”和现代蒙古语疑问语气词“uu”、“bui”的运用情况，探讨其在不同时期的使用特点和表义功能。

Abstract: Modal particles are a type of function word that have no lexical meaning and morphological changes, used to express the mood of a sentence or add modal meaning to sentence elements. Interrogative particles are an important component of modal particles. Interrogative particles of ancient Mongolian language have been inherited and applied in modern Mongolian language, but different usage situations have appeared in the course of development and evolution. By analyzing the application of the interrogative particle “uu” in ancient Mongolian language as well as that of the interrogative particles “uu” and “bui” in modern Mongolian language, this paper explores their usage characteristics and semantic functions in different periods.