热休克蛋白与创伤性颅脑损伤的研究进展与临床应用
Research Progress and Clinical Applications of Heat Shock Protein in Traumatic Brain Injury
摘要: 创伤性颅脑损伤(TBI)是全球范围内导致死亡和残疾的主要原因之一，其病理生理机制复杂，涉及原发性损伤后的继发性级联反应，包括氧化应激、神经炎症、血脑屏障破坏及细胞凋亡等。热休克蛋白(HSPs)作为一类高度保守的分子伴侣，在细胞应激反应中发挥关键作用，其通过调控蛋白质稳态、抑制炎症反应及抗凋亡等机制参与TBI的病理过程。近年来，HSPs在TBI中的作用机制、诊断价值及治疗潜力成为研究热点。本综述系统梳理了HSPs的生物学特性与功能，TBI的病理生理机制，HSPs在TBI中的作用机制、流行病学相关性、诊断技术、治疗策略、争议点及未来展望。通过整合现有研究证据，本综述旨在阐明HSPs在TBI中的核心作用，为TBI的精准诊断与靶向治疗提供理论依据。
Abstract: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) ranks among the foremost causes of mortality and disability globally, characterized by intricate pathophysiological mechanisms that encompass secondary cascades subsequent to the primary injury. These cascades include oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, disruption of the blood-brain barrier, and apoptosis. Heat shock proteins (HSPs), a class of highly conserved molecular chaperones, are integral to the cellular stress response and are implicated in the pathological processes of TBI through mechanisms such as the regulation of proteostasis, suppression of inflammatory responses, and anti-apoptotic effects. In recent years, the mechanistic roles, diagnostic value, and therapeutic potential of HSPs in TBI have garnered significant research interest. This review systematically synthesizes the biological properties and functions of HSPs, the pathophysiological mechanisms of TBI, and the mechanistic roles, epidemiological correlations, diagnostic techniques, therapeutic strategies, controversies, and future perspectives of HSPs in TBI. By integrating existing research evidence, this review aims to elucidate the central role of HSPs in TBI, thereby providing a theoretical foundation for precision diagnosis and targeted therapy.
文章引用：张元庆, 金怡, 韩润泽, 沈煜铖, 孙晓欧, 王宗启, 刘建刚. 热休克蛋白与创伤性颅脑损伤的研究进展与临床应用[J]. 临床医学进展, 2026, 16(1): 2352-2362. https://doi.org/10.12677/acm.2026.161295

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