公司决议撤销纠纷中轻微瑕疵认定规则研究

Research on the Rules for Determining Minor Defects in Disputes Over Company Resolution Revocation

摘要: 由于法律规定的抽象性与不完整性，公司决议撤销纠纷中对轻微瑕疵的认定漏洞百出。当前理论界与实务界对于轻微瑕疵的认定逐渐形成了两套不同方案，即结果认定规则与过程认定规则。结果认定规则注重瑕疵所带来的客观后果，但价值取向的不统一使得这种规则堕入主观化的暗流；过程认定规则维护了程序独立价值，但一定程度上违背了商事效率原则。此时，立足于主观过错的主客观结合认定规则优势显现。主客观结合认定规则一方面注重主观过错比较，另一方面利用更精确的量化标准，客观化瑕疵轻微与否的判断，同时当上述判断与效率原则不符时将被驳回，以使得轻微瑕疵的认定规则更契合公司性质、更加严谨。结果认定规则与规程认定规则不应固步自封，而要灵活吸纳各种认定规则的优势与长处。

Abstract: Due to the abstraction and incompleteness of the legal provisions, the determination of minor flaws in the company's resolution to revoke disputes is full of loopholes. At present, the theoretical and practical circles have gradually formed two different schemes for the determination of minor flaws, namely the result determination rule and the process determination rule. The result determination rules focus on the objective consequences brought about by flaws, but the lack of uniformity in value orientation leads such rules into the undercurrent of subjectivism. The process determination rules maintain the value of procedural independence, but to some extent, they violate the principle of commercial efficiency. At this point, the advantages of the subjective and objective combined determination rule based on subjective fault become apparent. The subjective and objective combination determination rule, on the one hand, emphasizes the comparison of subjective faults, and on the other hand, uses more precise quantitative standards to objectively determine whether the defect is minor or not. At the same time, when the above judgment does not conform to the principle of efficiency, it will be rejected, so as to make the determination rule of minor defects more in line with the nature of the company and more rigorous. The rules and procedures for result determination should not be complacent but should flexibly incorporate the advantages and strengths of various determination rules.