马克思主义垄断理论下电商平台数据垄断的经济安全维度探讨——基于总体国家安全观的研究视域

An Exploration of the Economic Security Dimension of Data Monopoly in E-Commerce Platforms under the Marxist Monopoly Theory—A Research Perspective Based on the Overall National Security Outlook

摘要: 在数字经济迅速发展的背景下，电商平台凭借数据资源形成的垄断现象日益突出，对市场竞争秩序和经济运行效率产生深远影响。本文以马克思主义垄断理论为分析框架，结合总体国家安全观中的经济安全维度，聚焦电商经济领域，探讨数据垄断的形成机制、经济危害及突破路径，文章发现，电商平台通过数据积累和算法控制形成的垄断，本质上是数字时代资本集中和市场控制的新形式，它不仅破坏公平竞争的环境，还可能导致产业链失衡和中小企业生存困难，带来经济安全风险。基于此，本文从市场规范、技术监管和权益保护等方面提出建议，为促进电商平台的健康发展和维护经济安全提供理论参考。

Abstract: In the context of the rapid development of the digital economy, the phenomenon of monopolization formed by data resources on e-commerce platforms has become increasingly prominent, exerting a profound impact on the market competition order and economic operation efficiency. This article takes the Marxist theory of monopoly as the analytical framework, combines the economic security dimension of the overall national security concept, focuses on the e-commerce economic field, and explores the formation mechanism, economic harm, and breakthrough paths of data monopoly. The article finds that the monopoly formed by data accumulation and algorithm control on e-commerce platforms is essentially a new form of capital concentration and market control in the digital era. It not only disrupts the fair competition environment but also may lead to an imbalance in the industrial chain and difficulties for small and medium-sized enterprises in survival, bringing economic security risks. Based on this, this article proposes suggestions from aspects such as market regulation, technical supervision, and rights protection, providing theoretical references for promoting the healthy development of e-commerce platforms and maintaining economic security.