跨境电商“七日无理由退货”例外情形的法律认定研究

Research on the Legal Determination of Exceptional Circumstances for the “Seven-Day No-Reason Return” in Cross-Border E-Commerce

摘要: 数字经济下我国跨境电商零售进口规模增长迅猛，但“七日无理由退货”制度适配难题凸显。本文聚焦该制度例外情形的法律认定，界定核心概念后，将例外情形划分为商品特性类、跨境属性类、约定类三类，分析其表现与争议。研究发现，例外情形认定面临立法模糊滞后、执法司法尺度不一等困境。对此，本文提出以下完善路径：一、细化法定例外清单、规范约定例外效力以填补立法空白。二、建立协同监管机制、发布典型案例以统一执法司法尺度。三、强化平台义务与消费者权益保护以实现利益平衡。以期旨在为跨境电商退货争议提供解决思路，推动行业法治发展。

Abstract: Against the backdrop of the digital economy, the scale of cross-border e-commerce retail imports in China has grown rapidly, yet the adaptation dilemma of the “7-day no-reason return” system has become increasingly prominent. Focusing on the legal determination of exceptions to this system, this paper defines the core concepts first, then classifies the exceptions into three categories: product characteristic-based, cross-border attribute-based, and agreement-based, and analyzes their manifestations and controversies. The study finds that the determination of exceptions is faced with difficulties such as ambiguous and backward legislation, and inconsistent standards in law enforcement and judicial practice. In response, this paper proposes the following improvement paths: First, refine the statutory exception list and standardize the validity of agreed exceptions to fill the legislative gaps. Second, establish a collaborative supervision mechanism and issue typical cases to unify the standards of law enforcement and judicial practice. Third, strengthen platform obligations and the protection of consumers’ rights and interests to achieve a balance of interests. It is intended to provide solutions for cross-border e-commerce return disputes and promote the development of the rule of law in the industry.