煤矿沉陷区煤岩样品的采集、试件制备与力学参数测定方法研究——以后安煤矿110203综采工作面为例

Study on the Methods of Sampling, Specimen Preparation and Mechanical Parameter Determination of Coal and Rock Samples in Coal Mine Subsidence Areas—A Case Study of the 110203 Fully Mechanized Mining Face in Hou’an Coal Mine

摘要: 采煤沉陷区的稳定性评估与生态复垦设计高度依赖于煤岩体的力学参数准确性。本研究以山西省朔州市平鲁区后安煤矿110203综采工作面为对象，系统开展了煤岩样品的采集、试件制备与力学参数测定工作。采用“捡冒落岩块法”进行现场采样，结合实验室标准制备流程，完成了干密度、含水率、单轴抗压强度、弹性模量、泊松比、内聚力与内摩擦角等关键参数的测定。试验结果表明：11#煤层力学性质较弱，密度为1.23 g/cm³，单轴抗压强度为4.83 MPa，弹性模量为0.76 GPa，内聚力为1.54 MPa，内摩擦角为24˚；而其直接顶板(页岩)力学性能显著优于煤层，密度为2.63 g/cm³，单轴抗压强度为40.78 MPa，弹性模量为5.43 GPa，内聚力为6.39 MPa，内摩擦角为36˚。研究成果提供了可靠的数据支撑，具有重要的工程应用与推广价值。

Abstract: The stability evaluation and ecological reclamation design of coal mining subsidence areas are highly dependent on the accuracy of mechanical parameters of coal and rock masses. Taking the 110203 fully-mechanized mining face of Hou’an Coal Mine in Pinglu District, Shuozhou City, Shanxi Province as the research object, this study systematically carried out the collection of coal and rock samples, preparation of test pieces and determination of mechanical parameters. The caving rock picking method was adopted for field sampling, and combined with the laboratory standard preparation procedures, the key parameters such as dry density, water content, uniaxial compressive strength, elastic modulus, oisson’s ratio, cohesion and internal friction angle were measured. The test results show that the 11# coal seam has weak mechanical properties with a density of 1.23 g/cm³, uniaxial compressive strength of 4.83 MPa, elastic modulus of 0.76 GPa, cohesion of 1.54 MPa and internal friction angle of 24˚. In contrast, its immediate roof (shale) has significantly better mechanical properties than the coal seam, with a density of 2.63 g/cm³, uniaxial compressive strength of 40.78 MPa, elastic modulus of 5.43 GPa, cohesion of 6.39 MPa and internal friction angle of 36˚. The research results provide reliable data support and have important engineering applications and popularization value.