姜黄素在糖尿病防治中的作用机制与生物利用度提升策略研究进展
Advances in the Mechanisms of Curcumin in the Prevention and Treatment of Diabetes and Strategies to Enhance Its Bioavailability
DOI: 10.12677/acm.2026.161335, PDF,   
作者: 苏 政:山东大学齐鲁医学院公共卫生学院营养与食品卫生学系,山东 济南
关键词: 姜黄素糖尿病生物利用度纳米脂质载体Curcumin Diabetes Bioavailability Nanostructured Lipid Carriers
摘要: 糖尿病的发生与进展涉及氧化应激、炎症、胰岛素信号异常及β细胞功能受损等多重机制。姜黄素具有抗氧化、抗炎、调节葡萄糖代谢及保护β细胞等多靶点作用,但其口服生物利用度极低严重限制其应用。本综述概述姜黄素的主要降糖机制,并总结比较辅助吸收、纳米脂质载体等提升其利用度策略的效果。新型递送策略虽能显著提高姜黄素体内暴露与降糖效果,但安全性与临床证据仍不足,未来需加强相关研究以推动其转化。
Abstract: The onset and progression of diabetes involve multiple mechanisms, including oxidative stress, inflammation, impaired insulin signaling, and dysfunction of pancreatic β cells. Curcumin exerts multi-target actions—antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, glucose-regulatory, and β-cell-protective—but its extremely low oral bioavailability severely limits clinical application. This review summarizes the primary antidiabetic mechanisms of curcumin and compares the effectiveness of bioavailability-enhancing strategies such as co-administration with adjuvants and nanostructured lipid carriers. Although these advanced delivery approaches markedly increase systemic exposure and glycemic benefits, their safety profiles and clinical evidence remain insufficient. Further research is needed to support translational development.
文章引用:苏政. 姜黄素在糖尿病防治中的作用机制与生物利用度提升策略研究进展[J]. 临床医学进展, 2026, 16(1): 2746-2759. https://doi.org/10.12677/acm.2026.161335

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