星状神经节阻滞对术后恶心呕吐影响的研究进展
Research Progress on the Effect of Stellate Ganglion Block on Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting
摘要: 术后恶心呕吐(postoperative nausea and vomiting, PONV)是外科手术后麻醉医师和患者面临的最常见且具有临床重要意义的挑战之一。该状况的潜在并发症包括脱水、电解质紊乱、气道完整性受损、缝合张力增加或伤口裂开、食管撕裂、低血压以及麻醉复苏室停留时间延长。星状神经节阻滞(Stellate Ganglion Block, SGB)作为一种交感神经阻滞技术，自20世纪40年代应用于临床以来，其治疗范围已从最初的疼痛相关综合征扩展到心律失常、围绝经期潮热、精神疾病、脑血管疾病、失眠和新型冠状病毒感染后遗症等多种疾病领域。本文就SGB对PONV影响的相关研究进行综述，探讨其可能的作用机制、临床应用效果及前景，为临床防治PONV提供新的思路和方法。
Abstract: Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is one of the most common and clinically significant challenges faced by anesthesiologists and patients following surgical procedures. Potential complications of this condition include dehydration, electrolyte disturbances, impaired airway integrity, increased suture tension or wound dehiscence, esophageal rupture, hypotension, and prolonged stay in the anesthesia recovery room. Stellate Ganglion Block (SGB), as a sympathetic nerve block technique, has been applied clinically since the 1940s, and its therapeutic scope has expanded from the initial pain-related syndromes to various disease areas such as arrhythmias, perimenopausal hot flashes, mental disorders, cerebrovascular diseases, insomnia, and post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection. This article reviews relevant studies on the impact of SGB on PONV, explores its potential mechanisms of action, clinical efficacy, and prospects, aiming to provide new insights and methods for the clinical prevention and treatment of PONV.
文章引用：姚珂, 李健辉, 刘开径, 彭雪梅. 星状神经节阻滞对术后恶心呕吐影响的研究进展[J]. 临床医学进展, 2026, 16(1): 2772-2779. https://doi.org/10.12677/acm.2026.161338

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