《青蛇》中生死本能与创伤哀悼

The Instinct for Life and Death and the Mourning of Trauma in Green Snake

摘要: 弗洛伊德在《超越快乐原则》中提出，人类心理存在两种根本性的本能驱动力：“生本能”(Eros)与“死本能”(Thanatos)。生本能指向生命的繁衍、联结与创造，表现为情欲、爱恋与生命力的延续；死本能则趋向毁灭、分离与回归无机状态，体现为攻击、破坏与自我毁灭的冲动。李碧华的《青蛇》以颠覆性的“妖物视角”重构了传统《白蛇传》叙事，深入青蛇、白蛇的心理世界，探讨“妖”在融入人间过程中的本能挣扎与情感创伤。在这部作品中，情欲的炽热与死亡的阴冷交织缠绕，青蛇的每一次行为选择，本质上都是生本能与死本能的博弈。青蛇对生命体验的贪婪探索，最终导向了白蛇的被镇于雷峰塔下与自身永恒的孤独。

Abstract: In Beyond the Pleasure Principle, Freud proposed that there are two fundamental instinctual driving forces in human psychology: Eros and Thanatos. The life instinct points towards the reproduction, connection and creation of life, manifesting as lust, love and the continuation of vitality; the death instinct, on the other hand, tends towards destruction, separation and a return to an inorganic state, represented by aggression, destruction and the impulse of self-destruction. Li Bihua’s Green Snake reconstructs the traditional narrative of the Legend of the White Snake from a subversive “demon perspective”, delving into the psychological world of the Green Snake and the White Snake, and exploring the instinctual struggle and emotional trauma of “demons” during their integration into the human world. In this work, the heat of passion and the coldness of death are intertwined. Every behavioral choice made by the Green Snake is essentially a game between the life instinct and the death instinct. The Green Snake’s insatiable exploration of life experiences ultimately leads to the White Snake being imprisoned under the Leifeng Pagoda and her own eternal loneliness.