新疆喀什机场一次雷暴天气过程分析

Analysis of a Thunderstorm Weather Process at Kashgar Airport in Xinjiang

摘要: 为探究新疆喀什机场强对流天气的形成机制，利用常规气象观测资料、探空资料、再分析数据及民航观测报文，对2024年7月24日喀什机场强对流过程从环流形势、热力、动力、水汽条件等方面进行了综合诊断分析。结果表明：本次强对流天气是中亚低槽东移与地面低压扰动及高低空系统耦合的结果。过程具有典型的环境场配置，低层暖湿不稳定、中低层强上升运动，三者共同构成了强对流发展的热力、动力和水汽支撑，同时强的垂直风切变促进了积雨云的组织化发展。研究结果为喀什机场强对流天气的精细化预报预警及航空安全保障提供了科学参考。

Abstract: In order to explore the formation mechanism of severe convective weather at Kashgar Airport in Xinjiang, the conventional meteorological observation data, sounding data, reanalysis data and civil aviation observation messages were used to comprehensively diagnose and analyze the severe convective process at Kashgar Airport on July 24, 2024 from the aspects of circulation situation, heat, power and water vapor conditions. The results show that the severe convective weather is the result of the coupling of the eastward movement of the Central Asian low trough with the surface low pressure disturbance and the high and low altitude systems. The process has typical environmental field configuration, low-level warm and humid instability, and strong ascending motion in the middle and low levels. The three together constitute the thermal, dynamic and water vapor support for the development of severe convection. At the same time, strong vertical wind shear promotes the organizational development of cumulonimbus clouds. The research results provide a scientific reference for the refined forecast and early warning of severe convective weather and aviation safety guarantee at Kashgar Airport.