非透析慢性肾脏病患者睡眠障碍发生率及其影响因素的Meta分析

A Meta-Analysis of the Incidence of Sleep Disorders and Their Influencing Factors in Non-Dialysis CKD Patients

摘要: 目的：系统评价非透析慢性肾脏病(CKD)患者睡眠障碍的影响因素，为了解并预防睡眠障碍的发生提供科学依据。方法：通过计算机检索中国知网、维普、万方、中国生物医学文献数据库、PubMed、Cochrane Library、Embase、Web of Science与CINAHL等数据库，收集与非透析CKD患者睡眠障碍影响因素相关的文献，检索时限为建库至2025年10月。经筛选、提取与质量评价后，采用RevMan 5.4对所纳入研究进行Meta分析。结果：共纳入15篇文献，均为横断面研究，非透析CKD患者的睡眠障碍发生率为54%。差异有统计学意义的相关因素有年龄(OR = 1.03)、女性(OR = 2.52)、焦虑(OR = 1.93)、抑郁(OR = 1.17)、病程(OR = 2.05)、贫血(OR = 2.91)、肾小球滤过率(OR = 0.96)、血钙(OR = 0.07)。结论：非透析CKD患者的睡眠障碍发生率高，高龄、女性、焦虑、抑郁、病程长、贫血、肾小球滤过率、血钙是非透析CKD患者的影响因素，采取针对性、个体化干预措施预防睡眠障碍的发生。该研究已在PROSPERO (CRD420251060323)注册。

Abstract: Objective: To systematically evaluate the influencing factors of sleep disorders in non-dialysis CKD patients, and provide a scientific basis for understanding and preventing the occurrence of sleep disorders. Methods: Computerized searches were conducted in databases such as CNKI, VIP, Wanfang, CBM, PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, Web of Science and CINAHL for literature on risk factors of sleep disorders in non-dialysis CKD patients. The search period was from the establishment of the databases to October 2025. After literature screening, data extraction, and quality evaluation, a meta-analysis was conducted using RevMan 5.4 software. Results: A total of 15 studies were included. All were cross-sectional studies. The incidence of sleep disorders in non-dialysis CKD patients was 54%. The relevant factors with statistically significant differences were age (OR = 1.03), gender (OR = 2.52), anxiety (OR = 1.93), depression (OR = 1.17), disease duration (OR = 2.05), anemia (OR = 2.91), glomerular filtration rate (OR = 0.96), and blood calcium (OR = 0.07). Conclusion: The incidence of sleep disorders is high among non-dialysis patients with CKD. Age, gender, anxiety, depression, long disease duration, anemia, glomerular filtration rate, and blood calcium are the influencing factors for non-dialysis CKD patients. Targeted and individualized intervention measures should be taken to prevent the occurrence of sleep disorders.