康养城市资源优化配置与综合评价研究

Study on Optimal Allocation and Comprehensive Evaluation of Resources in Wellness-Oriented Cities

摘要: 在老龄化加速和“健康中国”战略背景下，康养城市建设对提升公共服务与促进区域协调发展至关重要。本文以重庆市为例，针对康养资源空间配置不均衡与结构错配的问题，本文构建一个“典型区域诊断–全市域评价–系统优化”的逐层递进研究框架。通过指标标准化计算资源指数，并运用泰尔指数、区位熵等方法分析主城区资源的空间分布与均衡性；结合AHP-TOPSIS方法评估各区县康养建设水平并排序；进一步建立多目标优化模型，采用NSGA-II算法优化资源配置方案。研究发现，重庆市康养资源分布不均，核心区集聚明显而边缘及老龄重点区域供给不足；优化配置可在成本约束下提升服务覆盖与资源效率。本研究为康养城市规划与公共资源配置提供了定量工具与实证参考。

Abstract: Against the backdrop of an accelerating aging population and the “Healthy China” strategy, the development of wellness-oriented cities plays a vital role in enhancing public services and promoting coordinated regional development. Taking Chongqing as an example, this paper addresses the imbalanced spatial distribution and structural mismatch of wellness resources by constructing a progressive research framework of “typical regional diagnosis—city-wide evaluation—system optimization.” A resource index is calculated through standardized indicators, and methods such as the Theil index and location quotient are employed to analyze the spatial distribution and balance of resources in the main urban area. The Analytic Hierarchy Process combined with TOPSIS is then used to assess and rank the wellness development levels of various districts and counties. Furthermore, a multi-objective optimization model is established, utilizing the NSGA-II algorithm to optimize resource allocation. The study reveals that wellness resources in Chongqing are unevenly distributed, with significant concentration in core areas and insufficient supply in peripheral and key aging regions. Optimized allocation can enhance service coverage and resource efficiency under cost constraints. This research provides quantitative tools and empirical insights for wellness-oriented cities planning and the allocation of public resources.