生物制剂在慢性炎症性皮肤病中的应用进展与挑战
Advances and Challenges in the Application of Biologics for Chronic Inflammatory Skin Diseases
DOI: 10.12677/acm.2026.162379, PDF,   
作者: 潘王岱柔*：北华大学临床医学院，吉林 吉林；张晓冬#：北华大学附属医院皮肤科，吉林 吉林
关键词: 慢性炎症性皮肤病；生物制剂；免疫靶向治疗；Chronic Inflammatory Skin Disease(s)； Biologics； Immune-Targeted Therapy
摘要: 慢性炎症性皮肤病是一类以免疫紊乱为核心、病程迁延反复的疾病，如银屑病、特应性皮炎和化脓性汗腺炎等，严重影响患者生活质量和心理健康。传统治疗如糖皮质激素和免疫抑制剂虽有一定疗效，但存在疗效不足、副作用多及依从性差等局限。生物制剂作为靶向治疗的代表，通过特异性阻断关键炎症因子(如TNF-α、IL-17、IL-23等)，实现了从“广谱抑制”到“精准干预”的转变，显著提升了疗效并减少了系统性副作用。本文综述了TNF-α抑制剂、IL-12/IL-23抑制剂、IL-17抑制剂及IL-4/IL-13抑制剂在多种慢性炎症性皮肤病中的临床应用、疗效与安全性数据，并探讨了当前面临的挑战，包括部分患者应答不佳、继发性失效、治疗费用高昂等问题。未来，双靶点药物、上游靶点干预以及人工智能辅助管理等新方向有望进一步推动该领域向更精准、安全、可及的方向发展。
Abstract: Chronic inflammatory skin diseases are a group of conditions characterized by immune dysfunction and prolonged, recurrent courses, such as psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, and hidradenitis suppurativa. These conditions severely impact patients’ quality of life and mental health. While traditional treatments like corticosteroids and immunosuppressants offer some efficacy, they are limited by insufficient therapeutic effects, numerous side effects, and poor patient compliance. Biologics, as representative targeted therapies, achieve a shift from “broad-spectrum suppression” to “precision intervention” by specifically blocking key inflammatory mediators (e.g., TNF-α, IL-17, IL-23). This approach significantly enhances efficacy while reducing systemic side effects. This review examines the clinical application, efficacy, and safety data of TNF-α inhibitors, IL-12/IL-23 inhibitors, IL-17 inhibitors, and IL-4/IL-13 inhibitors across multiple chronic inflammatory skin diseases. It also addresses current challenges, including suboptimal responses in some patients, secondary failure, and high treatment costs. Future advancements in dual-targeted therapies, upstream pathway interventions, and AI-assisted management hold promise for driving precision, safety, and accessibility in this field.
文章引用：潘王岱柔, 张晓冬. 生物制剂在慢性炎症性皮肤病中的应用进展与挑战[J]. 临床医学进展, 2026, 16(2): 194-203. https://doi.org/10.12677/acm.2026.162379

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