混合痔术后疼痛的药物治疗进展

Advances in Pharmacological Treatment of Postoperative Pain for Mixed Hemorrhoids

摘要: 混合痔术后疼痛是影响患者康复的常见术后并发症，其发生涉及手术创伤、炎症反应及心理等多重机制。本文综述了该领域常见药物治疗的最新进展，重点分析了中药汤剂、非甾体抗炎药、局部麻醉药、静脉活性药物、可逆性神经调节剂及阿片类药物六大类药物的作用机理、疗效优势及局限性。旨在为临床实践提供理论依据。

Abstract: Postoperative pain following mixed hemorrhoid surgery is a common complication that affects patient recovery, involving multiple mechanisms such as surgical trauma, inflammatory response, and psychological factors. This article reviews the latest progress in common pharmacological treatments in this field, with a focus on analyzing the mechanisms of action, efficacy advantages, and limitations of six major drug categories: traditional Chinese medicine decoctions, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, local anesthetics, venoactive drugs, reversible neuromodulators, and opioids. The aim is to provide a theoretical basis for clinical practice.