基于能力导向的消化科实习护士规范化教学体系构建与实践

Construction and Practice of a Competency-Oriented Standardized Teaching System for Nursing Interns in Gastroenterology Department

摘要: 目的：探索基于能力导向的消化科实习护士规范化教学体系构建与实践。方法：以能力本位教育(CBE)理论为支撑，结合《全国护理事业发展规划(2021~2025年)》及消化科护理岗位胜任力标准，选取复旦大学附属闵行医院消化科2024年1月~2025年12月接收的实习护士为研究对象，对比实施前后教学效果。结果：实施后实习护士理论知识考核合格率(95.8% vs 81.3%)、实操技能考核合格率(96.7% vs 83.2%)及患者护理服务满意度(93.4% vs 79.5%)均显著高于实施前(P < 0.05)，急危重症应急处置、内镜护理配合等专科核心能力提升尤为突出。结论：基于能力导向的规范化消化科教学体系实现了教学与临床岗位需求的精准对接，有效提升了实习护士核心胜任力与教学质量，具备临床可行性与推广价值，可为专科护理实习教学改革提供参考。

Abstract: Objective: To explore the construction and practice of a competency-oriented standardized teaching system for nursing interns in the Gastroenterology Department. Methods: Based on the Competency-Based Education (CBE) theory, combined with the National Nursing Career Development Plan (2021~2025) and the competency standards for gastroenterology nursing positions, nursing interns admitted to the Gastroenterology Department of Minhang Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University from January 2024 to December 2025 were selected as the research subjects. A comparative analysis was conducted on the teaching effects before and after the implementation of the system. Results: After the implementation, the qualified rate of theoretical knowledge assessment (95.8% vs 81.3%), the qualified rate of practical skill assessment (96.7% vs 83.2%), and the patient satisfaction with nursing services (93.4% vs 79.5%) of the nursing interns were significantly higher than those before the implementation (P < 0.05). The improvements in specialized core competencies, such as emergency management of critical illnesses and endoscopic nursing cooperation, were particularly prominent. Conclusion: The competency-oriented standardized teaching system for gastroenterology has achieved accurate alignment between teaching and clinical post requirements, effectively enhanced the core competency of nursing interns and the quality of teaching, and possesses clinical feasibility and promotion value. It can provide a reference for the reform of specialized nursing internship teaching.