自噬与胞内抗菌防御：机制、致病学及其治疗意义
Autophagy and Intracellular Antibacterial Defense: Mechanisms, Pathogenesis, and Therapeutic Implications
DOI: 10.12677/jcpm.2026.51086, PDF,    科研立项经费支持
作者: 刘新宇, 王 琨, 肖清月*, 高 翔*：重庆医科大学附属口腔医院，重庆；口腔疾病与生物医学重庆市重点实验室，重庆；重庆市高校市级口腔生物医学工程重点实验室，重庆
关键词: 自噬；胞内抗菌；免疫；生物医学；Autophagy； Intracellular Antimicrobial Defense； Immunity； Biomedicine
摘要: 自噬是通过降解损伤细胞器和外源物质维持细胞内稳态的关键机制。近年来，其在抗菌免疫中的作用备受关注。本文综述了自噬在细菌感染中的作用机制、致病学意义及治疗潜力。自噬通过识别和清除胞内病原体，激活免疫反应，但一些细菌如结核分枝杆菌和沙门氏菌等可通过特定机制逃避自噬清除。自噬调节剂如雷帕霉素和二甲双胍等能激活自噬，增强宿主抗菌能力，为耐药性细菌感染治疗提供了新思路。未来研究将聚焦于精确调控自噬通路及临床转化应用，以开发更有效的抗菌治疗策略。
Abstract: Autophagy is a key mechanism for cells to maintain homeostasis by degrading damaged organelles and exogenous materials. In recent years, its role in antibacterial immunity has attracted much attention. This article reviews the mechanisms, pathogenesis, and therapeutic potential of autophagy in bacterial infections. Autophagy can recognize and eliminate intracellular pathogens and activate immune responses. However, some bacteria, such as Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Salmonella, can escape autophagy through specific mechanisms. Autophagy regulators, such as rapamycin and metformin, can activate autophagy and enhance the host’s antibacterial ability, providing new ideas for the treatment of drug-resistant bacterial infections. Future research will focus on precisely regulating autophagy pathways and clinical translation applications to develop more effective antibacterial therapeutic strategies.
文章引用：刘新宇, 王琨, 肖清月, 高翔. 自噬与胞内抗菌防御：机制、致病学及其治疗意义[J]. 临床个性化医学, 2026, 5(1): 627-638. https://doi.org/10.12677/jcpm.2026.51086

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