论杜甫《秋兴八首》中的动植物意象

On the Animal and Plant Images in Du Fu’s Eight Poems of Autumn Prosperity

摘要: 本文以杜甫《秋兴八首》为研究对象，分析其中动植物意象的运用与文学价值。研究通过文本细读，结合诗人生平与时代背景，探讨意象的象征内涵与艺术手法。诗中枫树、菊、芦荻等植物意象多呈现凋零孤寂之感，映射时间流逝与国势衰微；猿、燕、鱼龙等动物意象则寄托悲鸣与漂泊之思，折射了杜甫晚年的忧患意识。这些意象不仅是自然写照，更是杜甫家国情怀与人生哲思的载体，对其诗风形成与后世文学具有重要影响，本研究为深入理解杜甫诗歌意象美学提供了新视角。

Abstract: This paper takes Du Fu’s Eight Poems of Autumn Prosperity as the research object, and analyzes the application and literary value of animal and plant images in them. Through close reading of the text, combined with the poet’s life and background of the times, this paper discusses the symbolic connotation and artistic techniques of images. The images of maple, chrysanthemum, reed and other plants in the poem mostly show the feeling of dying and loneliness, reflecting the passage of time and the decline of the country; The images of animals such as apes, swallows and ichthyosaurs are filled with thoughts of mourning and wandering, reflecting Du Fu’s sense of hardship in his later years. These images are not only the portrayal of nature, but also the carrier of Du Fu’s feelings about home and country and his philosophical thinking about life, which has an important influence on the formation of his poetic style and later literature. This study provides a new perspective for a deeper understanding of Du Fu’s poetic image aesthetics.