宫颈癌患者癌因性疲乏的多维度影响机制及护理干预研究进展

Research Progress on Multi-Dimensional Influencing Mechanisms and Nursing Interventions of Cancer-Related Fatigue in Patients with Cervical Cancer

摘要: 目的：本文旨在梳理宫颈癌患者癌因性疲乏(CRF)的多维度影响机制及护理干预研究进展，为临床医护人员制定针对性照护方案提供循证参考，进而优化宫颈癌患者的管理策略、改善生存质量。方法：检索PubMed，知网、万方、维普等国内外权威数据库中的相关文献，对宫颈癌、癌因性疲乏的概念、影响因素、干预措施及其效果进行系统总结与分析。结果：宫颈癌患者CRF发生率较高，其影响机制呈现多维度交互特征：炎症反应作为核心生物学驱动因素通过调控神经–内分泌–免疫通路构成CRF发生的病理生理基础；经济因素主要聚焦于情感疲乏维度是CRF的重要诱发因素之一；社会支持不足则会通过加重心理负荷加剧疲乏；焦虑、抑郁等负性情绪则通过放大躯体感知、降低活动耐力双向作用，进一步加重CRF程度。在护理干预中，4C延续性护理、预康复、中医疗法及运动干预均能不同程度改善CRF。结论：宫颈癌患者CRF的发生发展是多维度因素共同作用的结果；现有护理干预措施各具优势但仍需优化；未来需依托多学科协作，强化因素交互机制研究，推动干预方案的标准化、精准化与个体化发展，为患者提供更高效的CRF管理策略。

Abstract: Objective: This paper aims to sort out the multi-dimensional influencing mechanisms and research progress of nursing interventions for Cancer-Related Fatigue (CRF) in patients with cervical cancer, so as to provide evidence-based references for clinical medical staff to formulate targeted care plans, thereby optimizing the management strategies and improving the quality of life of cervical cancer patients. Methods: Relevant literature was retrieved from authoritative domestic and international databases, including PubMed, CNKI, Wanfang Data, and VIP, and a comprehensive summary and analysis were conducted on the concepts, influencing factors, intervention measures, and effects related to cervical cancer and CRF. Results: The incidence of CRF is relatively high in cervical cancer patients, and its influencing mechanisms show multi-dimensional interaction characteristics. As a core biological driver, inflammatory response constitutes the pathophysiological basis of CRF by regulating the neuro-endocrine-immune pathway. Economic factors mainly focus on the emotional fatigue dimension and are one of the important inducing factors of CRF. Insufficient social support can aggravate fatigue by increasing psychological burden. Negative emotions such as anxiety and depression can further exacerbate CRF through a two-way effect of amplifying physical perception and reducing exercise tolerance. Among nursing interventions, 4C transitional care, prehabilitation, traditional Chinese medicine therapy and exercise intervention can all improve CRF to varying degrees. Conclusions: The occurrence and development of CRF in cervical cancer patients are the result of the combined action of multi-dimensional factors. Existing nursing interventions have their own advantages but still need to be optimized. In the future, it is necessary to rely on multidisciplinary collaboration, strengthen the research on the interaction mechanism of factors, promote the standardization, precision and individualization of intervention programs, and provide more efficient CRF management strategies for patients.