童年期创伤对生活满意度的影响：公正世界信念和控制感的链式中介作用

Impact of Childhood Trauma on Life Satisfaction: The Chain Mediating Role of Belief in a Just World and Sense of Control

摘要: 目的：探讨童年期创伤对成年期生活满意度的影响机制，重点检验公正世界信念与控制感在其中的链式中介作用。方法：采用方便抽样法，选取华北、东北地区276名成年人(年龄48.37 ± 13.78岁)，使用儿童期创伤问卷、公正世界信念量表、控制感量表及生活满意度量表进行横断面调查，通过SPSS宏程序PROCESS进行链式中介效应分析。结果：童年期创伤与生活满意度呈显著负相关(β = −0.055, p < 0.05)。公正世界信念与控制感在创伤与生活满意度间起完全链式中介作用，具体路径包括：创伤→公正世界信念→生活满意度(效应值−0.055)、创伤→控制感→生活满意度(效应值−0.012)、创伤→公正世界信念→控制感→生活满意度(效应值−0.004)，总间接效应为−0.070。结论：童年期创伤通过侵蚀公正世界信念、削弱控制感的链式机制间接降低生活满意度。干预实践应聚焦于修复创伤个体的公平认知与掌控感，以提升其长期心理福祉。

Abstract: Objective: This study aimed to investigate the mechanism through which childhood trauma affects life satisfaction in adulthood, with a specific focus on testing the chain-mediating roles of belief in a just world and sense of control. Methods: Utilizing a convenience sampling method, 276 adults from Northern and Northeastern China (mean age = 48.37 ± 13.78 years) were recruited. A cross-sectional survey was conducted using the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire, the Belief in a Just World Scale, the Sense of Control Scale, and the Life Satisfaction Scale. Data analysis was performed using the SPSS macro PROCESS to examine the chain-mediating effects. Results: Childhood trauma showed a significant negative correlation with life satisfaction (β = −0.055, p < .05). Belief in a just world and sense of control together played a fully chain-mediating role between childhood trauma and life satisfaction. The specific pathways were as follows: trauma → belief in a just world → life satisfaction (effect size = −0.055); trauma → sense of control → life satisfaction (effect size = −0.012); and trauma → belief in a just world → sense of control → life satisfaction (effect size = −0.004). The total indirect effect was −0.070. Conclusion: Childhood trauma indirectly reduces life satisfaction through a chain mechanism that erodes the belief in a just world and subsequently weakens the sense of control. Intervention practices should focus on repairing traumatized individuals’ perceptions of fairness and enhancing their sense of mastery to improve long-term psychological well-being.