高学历未婚青年的婚姻态度探究：基于双重态度模型

Exploring Marital Attitudes among Highly Educated Unmarried Young Adults: Based on the Dual Attitudes Model

摘要: 婚姻态度包括对一般婚姻关系的普遍看法，以及对自我婚姻的评价和期望两个部分。本研究基于双重态度模型理论，将问卷调查和单类内隐联想测验相结合，测量高学历未婚青年的婚姻态度现状，了解高学历未婚青年对于婚姻的真实看法，同时考察外显和内隐婚姻态度之间的关系。本研究通过对测量结果的分析，得出以下结论：(1) 高学历未婚青年男性和女性的外显婚姻态度、内隐婚姻态度都呈现出积极的特征。(2) 高学历未婚青年男性和女性的外显婚姻态度上呈现出显著的性别差异，男性比女性更积极。(3) 高学历未婚青年外显婚姻态度和内隐婚姻态度在统计上不具有显著相关性，提示二者分属于不同的心理结构，从婚姻态度的角度为双重态度模型提供了证据支持。

Abstract: Marital attitudes refer to an individual’s subjective perceptions toward marriage in general, as well as evaluations and expectations regarding their own marital relationships. Grounded in the Dual Attitudes Model, this study employs a combination of questionnaire surveys and the Single Category Implicit Association Test (SC-IAT) to measure the current state of marital attitudes among highly educated unmarried young adults (aged 18~35), aiming to understand their genuine perceptions of marriage. Furthermore, it examines the relationship between explicit and implicit marital attitudes. Based on the analysis of the measurement results, the following conclusions are drawn: (1) Both male and female highly educated unmarried young adults demonstrate positive characteristics in their explicit and implicit marital attitudes. (2) A significant gender difference exists in explicit marital attitudes, with males exhibiting more positive attitudes than females. (3) The explicit and implicit marital attitudes of highly educated unmarried show no statistically significant correlation, suggesting that they belong to distinct psychological constructs. This finding provides supportive evidence for the Dual Attitudes Model from the perspective of marital attitudes.