基于唯物史观的福山“历史终结论”致思与批驳

Deliberation and Refutation of Fukuyama’s “End of History Thesis” Based on Historical Materialism

摘要: 弗朗西斯·福山提出的“历史终结论”以哲学思辨的形式阐述了人类社会历史将“终结”于资本主义自由民主制度的基本观点。在唯物史观视角下，“历史终结论”对历史规律的论证不具有合理性，以抽象人性论颠倒历史发展基本原则，以线性史观简化文明发展路径，并将西方自由民主制度虚构成普世性历史终点，从而构成了“历史动力”“历史进程”“历史目的”三个层面的内在缺陷。

Abstract: Francis Fukuyama’s “End of History Thesis” expounds the core viewpoint that the historical development of human society will “end” in the capitalist system of liberal democracy by virtue of philosophical speculation. From the perspective of historical materialism, the thesis’s demonstration of historical laws is untenable. It reverses the fundamental principles of historical development with the theory of abstract human nature, oversimplifies the development path of civilization with a linear view of history, and fabricates the Western liberal democratic system as a universal historical end. Consequently, the thesis has inherent flaws in three dimensions: the driving force of history, the process of history and the purpose of history.