算法模式下的智能机器与人机关系——西蒙东技术物论的数智时代审思

Intelligent Machine and Human-Machine Relationship in Algorithmic Mode—Reflections on the Digital-Intelligent Era from Simondon’s Theory of Technical Objects

摘要: 西蒙东的技术物论以个体化为核心，主张人与机器基于文化同源性有着同样的生成逻辑，技术物及其技术模式会随着文化与社会的发展而演进。西蒙东预见到技术物将朝着信息化的方向前进变得愈发复杂和开放。在数智时代，经过图灵革命的智能机器表现出新的技术模式：算法模式。计算机通过算法组织数据从而获得智能，算法模式就是智能机器的技术模式。同时，算法模式彰显出新型的人机关系：虚拟关系——智能机器将人带入虚拟化的情景。这引发了西蒙东所关切的技术伦理困境：一方面，机器获得了“人性”；另一方面，我们沉沦在机器中可能逐渐失去人性。协调“人、机器、世界”的关系是数智时代的重大议题。

Abstract: The technical objects theory of Simondon centers around individualization, advocating that human and machine share the same generative logic based on cultural homology, and that technical objects and their technical modes evolve with the development of culture and society. Simondon foresaw that technical objects would become increasingly complex and open as they advance towards informatization. In the digital-intelligent era, intelligent machine that has undergone the Turing revolution exhibits a new technical mode: the algorithmic mode. Computers organize data through algorithms to gain intelligence, and the algorithmic mode is the technical mode of intelligent machine. At the same time, the algorithmic mode manifests a new type of human-machine relationship: a virtual relationship, where intelligent machine brings humans into virtualized scenarios. This raises the technical ethical dilemma that Simondon was concerned about: on the one hand, machines acquire “humanity”; on the other hand, we may gradually lose our humanity as we become immersed in machines. Coordinating the relationship between “humans, machines, and the world” is a major issue in the digital-intelligent era.