流域水资源保护与生态流量调控机制研究

Research on the Mechanism of Watershed Water Resources Protection and Ecological Flow Regulation

摘要: 研究聚焦江苏省流域水资源保护与生态流量调控机制，旨在应对水资源时空异质性及生态环境压力。通过构建水文地质模型并结合SWAT工具对水文过程进行定量模拟与情景预测，提出结构性与非结构性调控措施协同作用的方案。在水资源调度方面，采用非劣排序遗传算法优化供水效益与生态流量偏离度，结合生态学方法制定水文变化指标，进而制定动态生态闸门调度规则。研究还通过建立“天空地”一体化监测网络，实施周期性评估与反馈调整机制，确保水资源可持续管理与生态修复。研究结果表明，实施后水文环境、生态质量与水质均显著改善，调控措施有效恢复了河流生态流量与水质。

Abstract: This study focuses on the mechanism of water resource protection and ecological flow regulation in river basins in Jiangsu Province, aiming to address the spatiotemporal heterogeneity of water resources and ecological environmental pressure. By constructing a hydrogeological model and combining it with SWAT tools for quantitative simulation and scenario prediction of hydrological processes, a scheme for the synergistic effect of structural and non structural control measures is proposed. In terms of water resource scheduling, non inferiority sorting genetic algorithm is used to optimize the deviation between water supply efficiency and ecological flow, combined with ecological methods to develop hydrological change indicators, and then dynamic ecological gate scheduling rules are formulated. The study also established an integrated monitoring network of “sky ground” and implemented a periodic evaluation and feedback adjustment mechanism to ensure sustainable management of water resources and ecological restoration. The research results indicate that the hydrological environment, ecological quality, and water quality have significantly improved after implementation, and the control measures have effectively restored the ecological flow and water quality of the river.