海洋强国战略下我国海洋综合管理与执法体制的改革目标、核心任务与实施路径

Reform Objectives, Core Tasks, and Implementation Pathways of China’s Integrated Marine Management and Law Enforcement System under the Maritime Power Strategy

摘要: 本文立足海洋强国战略需求，基于协同治理、法治政府等理论，采用多种研究方法分析我国海洋综合管理与执法体制现状。当前体制已形成初步法律框架，海警局整合后执法效能有所提升，且在跨区域协作方面进行了探索，但仍面临法律供给不足、权责模糊、监督薄弱、数字化滞后等困境。借鉴美日集中执法模式后，从制度、资源、人才维度构建保障体系，为体制改革提供支撑，助力海洋强国战略落地。

Abstract: Based on the strategic needs of building a maritime power, this paper analyzes the current state of China’s comprehensive marine management and law enforcement system using various research methods grounded in theories such as collaborative governance and rule-of-law governance. While the existing system has established an initial legal framework, achieved improved law enforcement efficiency after the integration of the Maritime Police Bureau, and explored cross-regional collaboration, it still faces challenges including insufficient legal provisions, unclear responsibilities, weak supervision, and digital lag. Drawing on the centralized law enforcement models of the United States and Japan, the study constructs a safeguard system from institutional, resource, and talent dimensions to support system reform and facilitate the implementation of the maritime power strategy.