平台用工劳动关系认定的补充要素——算法从属性之证成

Supplementary Elements for the Recognition of Labor Relations in Platform Employment—Justification of Algorithmic Subordination

摘要: 随着人工智能与大数据的发展，用工管理领域涌入大量算法，劳动者与雇主尤其是与平台企业间存在巨大的技术势差，平台表面上借“技术中立”之名通过算法技术管理从业人员，劳动关系的存在被模糊化，加大了认定劳动关系的难度，但平台实际通过算法实现了控制劳动的目的，劳动者劳动强度不降反增。自带科技意味的算法黑箱看似神秘而中立实则是雇主进行劳动管理的一种技术手段，基于这种巨大的技术势差有必要提炼劳动从属性的新形态——算法从属性，算法从属性可以丰富补充传统劳动从属性理论，为平台从业者权益保护提供崭新思路。

Abstract: With the development of artificial intelligence and big data, a large number of algorithms have flooded into the field of employment management. There is a huge technological gap between workers and employers, especially platform enterprises. On the surface, platforms manage practitioners through algorithm technology under the guise of “technological neutrality”, blurring the existence of labor relations and increasing the difficulty of identifying labor relations. However, in reality, platforms achieve the purpose of controlling labor through algorithms, and the labor intensity of workers has not decreased but increased. The algorithm black box, which has a technological connotation, seems mysterious and neutral, but it is actually a technical means for employers to manage labor. Given this huge technological gap, it is necessary to extract a new form of labor subordination—algorithmic subordination. Algorithmic subordination can enrich and supplement the traditional theory of labor subordination and provide a new approach for protecting the rights and interests of platform practitioners.