下肢动脉支架植入术中支架覆盖股深动脉开口的临床研究与实践进展

Clinical Research and Practical Progress of Stent Coverage of Deep Femoral Artery Ostium during Lower Extremity Arterial Stent Implantation

摘要: 下肢动脉疾病(Peripheral Arterial Disease, PAD)是全球范围内导致肢体功能障碍和截肢的主要原因之一，血管腔内治疗(Endovascular Treatment, EVT)已成为其主要的治疗方式。股浅动脉(Superficial Femoral Artery, SFA)开口病变常累及股总动脉(Common Femoral Artery, CFA)分叉区域以及股深动脉开口，关于术中动脉支架覆盖DFA开口的安全性一直是临床争议的焦点。DFA作为下肢重要的侧支循环血管，其通畅性直接影响肢体缺血症状的改善及保肢率。本文分析了近年来关于支架覆盖股深动脉安全性的临床研究，从临床疗效、影响因素、争议焦点及未来方向等方面，对下肢动脉支架植入术中支架覆盖股深动脉开口的安全性进行全面综述，为临床决策提供循证医学依据。

Abstract: Peripheral Arterial Disease (PAD) is one of the leading causes of limb dysfunction and amputation worldwide, and Endovascular Treatment (EVT) has evolved into the primary therapeutic modality for this condition. Ostial lesions of the Superficial Femoral Artery (SFA) frequently involve the bifurcation region of the Common Femoral Artery (CFA) and the ostium of the deep femoral artery (DFA). The safety of intraoperative stent coverage of the DFA ostium has long been a focus of clinical controversy. As a critical collateral vessel of the lower extremity, the patency of the DFA directly affects the improvement of limb ischemic symptoms and the rate of limb salvage. This paper analyzes recent clinical studies on the safety of stent coverage of the DFA, and comprehensively reviews the safety profile of this practice during lower extremity arterial stenting from the perspectives of clinical efficacy, influencing factors, core controversies, and future research directions, thereby providing an evidence-based foundation for clinical decision-making.