基于密胺泡沫的超亲油疏水纳米海绵

The Super Lipophilic-Hydrophobic Sponges Prepared on the Basis of Melamine Foam

摘要: 石油是工业生产的重要原料，人们的日常生产生活也离不开各种油类物质，时常发生的海上溢油事件以及常年进行的工业排污对海洋环境造成了巨大的影响，急需一种能有效吸收、去除和转移海水中油污和有机污染物的环保型材料。对于油污染问题，普通的处理方法效果并不显著，并且容易造成二次污染。因此，本文以价格低廉且环保的密胺泡沫作为基底，使用氧化石墨对其进行修饰，经过退火处理后设计构筑了一种具有三维多孔结构的海绵材料，并设计实验测试了海绵的稳定性、吸油性能和可再生性能，从而得出超轻纳米海绵是一种密度低、可再生能力强、环保高效的“去油神器”的结论，在工业应用和油污染处理方面具有很大的潜力。

Abstract: Oil is an important raw material for industrial production, and People’s Daily production and life cannot do without a variety of oil. The frequent occurrence of offshore oil spills and perennial industrial sewage has caused a huge impact on the Marine environment, and there is an urgent need for an environmentally friendly material that can effectively absorb, remove and transfer oil and pollutants from seawater. For the problem of oil pollution, the ordinary treatment method is not effective, but easy to cause secondary pollution. Therefore, in this paper, inexpensive and environmentally friendly dense amine foam is used as the base, graphite oxide is used to modify it, and after annealing treatment, a sponge material with three-dimensional porous structure is designed and constructed, and the stability, oil absorption and renewable properties of the sponge are tested by experiments. It is concluded that ultra-light nano-sponge is a kind of “oil removal tool” with low density, strong renewable ability, environmental protection and high efficiency, which has great potential in industrial application and oil pollution treatment.