LaMnO3超交换相互作用驱动的高效多硫化物转化助力高性能锂硫电池
Super-Exchange Interaction-Driven Efficient Polysulfide Conversion in LaMnO3 for High-Performance Lithium-Sulfur Batteries
DOI: 10.12677/ms.2026.162025, PDF,   
作者: 陶 冶：哈尔滨师范大学物理与电子工程学院，黑龙江 哈尔滨
关键词: 锂硫电池；钙钛矿；超交换作用；多硫化物转化；Lithium-Sulfur Batteries； Perovskite； Super-Exchange Interaction； Polysulfide Conversion
摘要: 锂硫电池作为高能量密度储能体系，其实际应用受限于多硫化锂的穿梭效应及缓慢转化动力学。本研究通过静电纺丝技术制备了LaMnO3 (LMO)钙钛矿纳米纤维，并将其应用于锂硫电池正极改性。系统表征证实该材料具有连续一维纳米结构及纯相钙钛矿晶体，其结构中存在的Mn-O-Mn超交换作用被证实是提升性能的关键。实验表明，LMO对多硫化锂表现出强化学吸附与高效电催化活性，能显著加速其液–液转化与液–固沉积动力学。基于LMO纳米纤维构建的正极在0.1 C下表现出1364 mAh∙g−1的高比容量，在1.0 C倍率下循环500次后容量衰减率低至0.055%。本研究从电子关联角度揭示了钙钛矿氧化物提升锂硫电池性能的机制，为设计新型催化宿主材料提供了新思路。
Abstract: Although lithium-sulfur batteries (LSBs) are recognized as promising high-energy-density storage systems, their practical application is severely hindered by the shuttle effect and sluggish redox kinetics of lithium polysulfides (LiPSs). Herein, LaMnO₃ (LMO) perovskite nanofibers were synthesized via electrospinning and utilized for cathode modification in LSBs. Systematic characterizations confirm the formation of continuous one-dimensional nanostructures with a pure perovskite phase. Crucially, the intrinsic Mn-O-Mn super-exchange interaction within the LMO lattice is identified as the decisive factor for the observed performance enhancement. Experimental results demonstrate that LMO exhibits strong chemisorption capability and high electrocatalytic activity toward LiPSs, significantly accelerating the kinetics of both liquid-liquid conversion and liquid-solid deposition. Consequently, the LMO-based cathode delivers a high specific capacity of 1364 mAh∙g−1 at 0.1 C and exhibits exceptional cycling stability, with a low capacity decay rate of 0.055% per cycle over 500 cycles at 1.0 C. This work elucidates the mechanism of perovskite oxides in enhancing LSB performance from the perspective of electron correlation, providing new insights for the rational design of advanced catalytic host materials.
文章引用：陶冶. LaMnO3超交换相互作用驱动的高效多硫化物转化助力高性能锂硫电池[J]. 材料科学, 2026, 16(2): 81-89. https://doi.org/10.12677/ms.2026.162025

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