人际客体化的前因与后果

The Antecedents and Consequences of Interpersonal Objectification

摘要: 人际客体化是指在人际交往中个体将他人视为工具或客体、忽视其主体性与内在需求的认知与行为倾向。本文系统梳理人际客体化的前因与后果，其中前因包含个人特征与情景因素：个人层面，金钱价值观、集体自恋等特质会通过弱化他人主体性认知推动客体化；情景层面，权力不对等、“机器式”工作环境等均是重要诱发因素。后果方面，对接受者而言，客体化会否定其道德地位与智力认可，侵蚀组织归属感，诱发不道德行为；对发出者而言，长期客体化他人会弱化共情与道德同理心，增强伤害他人倾向。最后，基于现有研究不足，本文提出未来需进一步探究宏观社会因素与跨文化差异对人际客体化的影响，并从多层面开发客体化负面后果的干预策略，为缓解现实社交困境、完善客体化理论体系提供参考。

Abstract: Interpersonal objectification refers to the cognitive and behavioral tendency of individuals to regard others as tools or objects in interpersonal interactions, ignoring their subjectivity and intrinsic needs. This article systematically examines the antecedents and consequences of interpersonal objectification. The antecedents include personal characteristics and situational factors: at the individual level, traits such as money values and collective narcissism can promote objectification by weakening the perception of others’ subjectivity; at the situational level, power asymmetry and “mechanistic” work environments are important triggering factors. In terms of consequences, for the recipients, objectification can deny their moral status and intellectual recognition, erode their sense of organizational belonging, and induce unethical behavior; for the initiators, long-term objectification of others can weaken empathy and moral compassion, and enhance the tendency to harm others. Finally, based on the deficiencies in existing research, this article proposes that future research should further explore the impact of macro-social factors and cross-cultural differences on interpersonal objectification, and develop intervention strategies to address the negative consequences of objectification from multiple levels, providing references for alleviating real-world social dilemmas and improving the theoretical system of objectification.