教育生态学视域下幼儿园环境创设的不足及优化策略

Shortcomings and Optimisation Strategies for Kindergarten Environmental Design from an Educational Ecology Perspective

摘要: 幼儿园环境是幼儿教育的隐性课程和重要的教育资源，对促进幼儿的全面发展具有重要作用。在教育生态学视域下，幼儿园环境创设被视为幼儿身心发展的重要因素。然而，当前幼儿园环境创设实践仍然存在物质环境创设如空间及材料投放不合理，缺乏对自然环境的创设和利用、偏重物质环境创设而忽视精神环境创设，忽视幼儿主体性以及与家庭、社区合作不足等问题。为了加强幼儿园环境对幼儿身心发展的作用，发挥幼儿园环境本该具有的隐形教育价值，提出了相应的优化策略，从优化空间设计、设备条件、营造良好的师幼关系到加强家园合作，充分利用社区资源，致力于为幼儿创造一个安全、舒适、富有教育意义的环境，促进幼儿的全面和谐发展。

Abstract: The kindergarten environment serves as an implicit curriculum and vital educational resource in early childhood education, playing a significant role in promoting children’s holistic development. Within the framework of educational ecology, kindergarten environmental design is regarded as a crucial factor in children’s physical and psychological development. However, current practices in environmental design still exhibit shortcomings, including: Inadequate material environment design, such as unreasonable spatial allocation and provision of resources—Insufficient creation and utilisation of natural environments—Overemphasis on material environment design at the expense of spiritual environment design—Neglect of children’s agency—Insufficient collaboration with families and communities To enhance the kindergarten environment’s impact on children’s physical and mental development and realise its inherent implicit educational value, corresponding optimisation strategies are proposed. These encompass refining spatial design and equipment conditions, fostering positive teacher-child relationships and enhancing home-school collaboration. By fully utilising community resources, the aim is to create a safe, comfortable, and educationally enriching environment that promotes children’s holistic and harmonious development.