抑郁症动机缺陷与努力决策的计算神经机制
Motivational Deficits and Computational Neural Mechanisms of Effort Decision-Making in Depression
DOI: 10.12677/ap.2026.162079, PDF,   
作者: 赵雨欣：成都医学院心理学院，四川 成都；罗跃嘉*：成都医学院心理学院，四川 成都；北京师范大学心理学院认知与学习国家重点实验室，北京；青岛健康与康复科学大学神经心理康复研究所，山东 青岛
关键词: 抑郁症；情感淡漠；快感缺失；基于努力的决策；计算神经机制；Major Depressive Disorder； Apathy； Anhedonia； Effort-Based Decision-Making； Computational Neural Mechanisms
摘要: 抑郁症(MDD)的核心症状不仅体现在情绪低落，更伴随严重的动机缺陷，主要表现为情感淡漠与快感缺失。以往研究发现这些缺陷集中体现于基于努力的决策(EBDM)受损，并在临床上显著影响患者的预后及加重其社会功能受损。然而目前对于抑郁症动机缺陷的具体症状维度界定尚存混淆，并且关于这些决策行为背后的计算过程及其神经生物学机制仍有待深入整合。本文旨在厘清情感淡漠与快感缺失的异同，并以EBDM为核心范式，系统梳理抑郁症患者在权衡努力与奖赏时的行为特征。同时，结合主观价值计算模型与神经影像学证据，深入剖析动机障碍的计算机制与神经基础，为理解抑郁症中动机缺陷的病理机制及开发症状针对性的诊疗策略提供综合性视角。
Abstract: Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is characterized not only by low mood but also by severe motivational deficits, primarily manifested as apathy and anhedonia. Previous studies have found that these deficits are concentrated in impaired effort-based decision-making (EBDM), significantly impacting patient prognosis and exacerbating social dysfunction. However, the specific symptom dimensions of motivational deficits in depression remain unclear, and the computational processes and neurobiological mechanisms underlying these decision-making behaviors require further integration. This review aims to clarify the similarities and differences between apathy and anhedonia. Using EBDM as a core paradigm, we systematically reviewed how patients with MDD behave when balancing effort and rewards. At the same time, by combining subjective value computational models with neuroimaging evidence, we analyzed the computational and neural basis of these motivational disorders. This work provides a comprehensive perspective for understanding the pathology of motivational deficits in MDD and for developing targeted treatment strategies.
文章引用：赵雨欣, 罗跃嘉 (2026). 抑郁症动机缺陷与努力决策的计算神经机制. 心理学进展, 16(2), 214-225. https://doi.org/10.12677/ap.2026.162079

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