跨境电商平台知识产权侵权责任的认定困境与法律完善路径

The Dilemma and Legal Improvement Path of Determining Intellectual Property Infringement Liability in Cross-Border E-Commerce Platforms

摘要: 随着跨境电商行业进入全球化布局 + 精细化运营阶段，平台知识产权侵权问题愈发突出，其责任认定因“跨境性、平台角色复杂性、法律适用冲突性”成为司法实践难点。本文以2020~2025年国内外38起跨境电商平台知识产权侵权典型案例为样本，结合《电子商务法》《知识产权法》及欧盟《数字服务法》等跨境规制规则，系统剖析责任认定的核心困境：平台通知–删除规则适用僵化、跨境侵权因果关系证明难、多法域责任冲突协调不足、避风港原则滥用等。研究提出，应从细化通知–删除规则的跨境适用标准、构建过错推定 + 举证责任倒置的因果认定机制、建立跨境知识产权侵权纠纷协同解决平台、明确避风港原则的例外情形四个维度完善法律规则，为跨境电商行业知识产权保护与合规发展提供理论支撑与实践指引。

Abstract: As the cross-border e-commerce industry enters the phase of “global expansion + refined operations”, intellectual property infringement issues on platforms have become increasingly prominent. The determination of liability has become a judicial challenge due to “cross-border nature, complex platform roles, and conflicting legal applications”. This paper analyzes 38 typical cross-border e-commerce platform intellectual property infringement cases from 2020 to 2025, combining regulations such as the “E-Commerce Law”, “Intellectual Property Law”, and the “EU Digital Services Act”. It systematically examines core challenges in liability determination: rigid application of the “notice-and-takedown” rule, difficulties in proving causation for cross-border infringements, insufficient coordination of multi-jurisdictional liability conflicts, and abuse of the safe harbor principle. The study proposes four dimensions for improving legal frameworks: refining cross-border application standards of the “notice-and-takedown” rule, establishing a “presumption of fault + burden of proof reversal” mechanism for causation determination, creating collaborative resolution platforms for cross-border IP disputes, and clarifying exceptions to the safe harbor principle. These recommendations aim to provide theoretical support and practical guidance for intellectual property protection and compliant development in the cross-border e-commerce industry.